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Diseases / Medical Conditions

Immune system diseases and Immune deficiency disorders affect an increasingly larger portion of the population. Diseases affecting the immune system inhibit the bodies ability to fight sickness and weaken our immunities to the point people can no longer stay healthy on their own. The most widely known immune system diseases is obviously HIV and AIDS. Always get yourself tested. Please feel free to use the items on this list for your own disease awareness list. Leukemia is a very serious disorder of the immune system so you should be aware of leukemia symptoms;&nbsp;this could save your life. If these symptoms aren't what you are looking for and skin disease symptoms are what you want see the <a href="http://www.ranker.com/list/list-of-rare-skin-diseases-and-dermatological-conditions/diseases-and-medications-info">list of skin diseases</a> should do the trick. Finally for some relavent information on AIDS see the <a href="http://www.ranker.com/list/aids-symptoms/reference">aids symptoms page.</a>

Immune System Disorders: List of Immuno Diseases

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AL amyloidosis

Aagenaes syndrome

Aagenaes syndrome is a syndrome characterised by congenital hypoplasia of lymph vessels, which causes lymphedema of the legs and recurrent cholestasis in infancy, and slow progress to hepatic cirrhosis and giant cell hepatitis with fibrosis of the portal tracts.
The genetic cause is unknown, but it is autosomal recessively inherited and the gene is located to chromosome 15q1,2. A common feature of the condition is a generalised lymphatic anomaly, which may be indicative of the defect being lymphangiogenetic in origin¹. The condition is particularly frequent in southern Norway, where more than half the cases are reported from, but is found in patients in other parts of Europe and the U.S.. It is named after Oystein Aagenaes, a Norwegian paediatrician.
It is also called cholestasis-lymphedema syndrome.

Adenosine deaminase deficiency

Adenosine deaminase deficiency, also called ADA deficiency or ADA-SCID, is an autosomal recessive metabolic disorder that causes immunodeficiency. It occurs in fewer than one in 100,000 live births worldwide.
It accounts for about 15% of all cases of severe combined immunodeficiency. Only 3% of children are born with this gene.
ADA deficiency may be present in infancy, childhood, adolescence, or adulthood. Age of onset and severity is related to some 29 known genotypes associated with the disorder.

Agranulocytosis

Agranulocytosis, also known as agranulosis or granulopenia, is an acute condition involving a severe and dangerous leukopenia, most commonly of neutrophils causing a neutropenia in the circulating blood. It is a severe lack of one major class of infection-fighting white blood cells. People with this condition are at very high risk of serious infections due to their suppressed immune system.
In agranulocytosis, the concentration of granulocytes drops below 500 cells/mm³ of blood.

AIDS

Human immunodeficiency virus infection and acquired immune deficiency syndrome is a spectrum of conditions caused by infection with the human immunodeficiency virus. Following initial infection, a person may experience a brief period of influenza-like illness. This is typically followed by a prolonged period without symptoms. As the infection progresses, it interferes more and more with the immune system, making the person much more susceptible to common infections like tuberculosis, as well as opportunistic infections and tumors that do not usually affect people who have working immune systems. The late symptoms of the infection are referred to as AIDS. This stage is often complicated by an infection of the lung known as pneumocystis pneumonia, severe weight loss, a type of cancer known as Kaposi's sarcoma, or other AIDS-defining conditions.
HIV is transmitted primarily via unprotected sexual intercourse, contaminated blood transfusions, hypodermic needles, and from mother to child during pregnancy, delivery, or breastfeeding. Some bodily fluids, such as saliva and tears, do not transmit HIV.

Angioedema

Angioedema or Quincke's edema is the rapid swelling of the dermis, subcutaneous tissue, mucosa and submucosal tissues. It is very similar to urticaria, but urticaria, commonly known as hives, occurs in the upper dermis. The term angioneurotic oedema was used for this condition in the belief that there was nervous system involvement, but this is no longer thought to be the case.
Cases where angioedema progresses rapidly should be treated as a medical emergency, as airway obstruction and suffocation can occur. Epinephrine may be life-saving when the cause of angioedema is allergic. In the case of hereditary angioedema, treatment with epinephrine has not been shown to be helpful.

Asplenia

Asplenia refers to the absence of normal spleen function and is associated with some serious infection risks. Hyposplenism is used to describe reduced splenic functioning, but not as severely affected as with asplenism.

Ataxia telangiectasia

Ataxia telangiectasia is a rare, neurodegenerative, inherited disease causing severe disability. Ataxia refers to poor coordination and telangiectasia to small dilated blood vessels, both of which are hallmarks of the disease.
A-T affects many parts of the body:
It impairs certain areas of the brain including the cerebellum, causing difficulty with movement and coordination.
It weakens the immune system causing a predisposition to infection.
It prevents repair of broken DNA, increasing the risk of cancer.
Symptoms most often first appear in early childhood when children begin to walk. Though they usually start walking at a normal age, they wobble or sway when walking, standing still or sitting, and may appear almost as if they are drunk. In late pre-school and early school age they develop difficulty moving the eyes in a natural manner from one place to the next. They develop slurred or distorted speech, and swallowing problems. Some have an increased number of respiratory tract infections. Because not all children develop in the same manner or at the same rate, it may be some years before A-T is properly diagnosed.

Atopy

Atopy Greek ἀτοπία - placelessness, out of place, special, unusual, extraordinary or atopic syndrome is a predisposition toward developing certain allergic hypersensitivity reactions. Atopy may have a hereditary component, although contact with the allergen must occur before the hypersensitivity reaction can develop.
The term "atopy" was coined by Coca and Cooke in 1923. Many physicians and scientists use the term "atopy" for any IgE-mediated reaction, but many pediatricians reserve the word "atopy" for a genetically mediated predisposition to an excessive IgE reaction.

Autoimmune Disease

This is a group of diseases in which the body's own defenses (immune system) attack its own tissues. 

Autosplenectomy

Bandemia

Bare lymphocyte syndrome

Bare lymphocyte syndrome is a condition caused by mutations in certain genes of the major histocompatibility complex. It is a form of severe combined immunodeficiency.

Basopenia

Basophilia

Castleman's disease

Castleman disease describes a group of uncommon lymphoproliferative disorders that share common lymph node histological features that may be localized to a single lymph node or occur systemically. Multicentric Castleman disease involves hyperactivation of the immune system, excessive release of proinflammatory chemicals, proliferation of immune cells, and multiple organ system dysfunction. Castleman disease must be distinguished from other disorders that can demonstrate "Castleman-like" lymph node features, including reactive lymph node hyperplasia, autoimmune disorders, and malignancies. While not officially considered a cancer, the overgrowth of lymphocytes with this disease is similar to lymphoma and more research is needed to search for small populations of neoplastic cells. An international research effort was established in 2012 to accelerate research for Castleman disease through global collaboration, investment in high-impact research, and patient engagement called the Castleman Disease Collaborative Network.

Chédiak–Higashi syndrome

Chédiak–Higashi syndrome is a rare autosomal recessive disorder that arises from a mutation of a lysosomal trafficking regulator protein, which leads to a decrease in phagocytosis. The decrease in phagocytosis results in recurrent pyogenic infections, partial albinism and peripheral neuropathy. It occurs in humans, cattle, blue Persian cats, Australian blue rats, mice, mink, foxes, and the only known captive albino orca.

Chronic fatigue syndrome

Chronic fatigue syndrome is the common name for a medical condition characterized by debilitating symptoms, including fatigue, that lasts for a minimum of six months in adults. The fatigue is not due to ongoing exertion, not significantly relieved by rest, and is not caused by other medical conditions. The illness is often lengthy, severe, and disabling. CFS may also be referred to as systemic exertion intolerance disease, myalgic encephalomyelitis, post-viral fatigue syndrome, chronic fatigue immune dysfunction syndrome, or by several other terms. Biological, genetic, infectious and psychological mechanisms have been proposed, but the etiology of CFS is not understood and it may have multiple causes.
Symptoms of CFS include malaise after exertion; unrefreshing sleep, widespread muscle and joint pain, sore throat, headaches of a type not previously experienced, cognitive difficulties, chronic and severe mental and physical exhaustion, and other characteristic symptoms in a previously healthy and active person.

Chronic granulomatous disease

Chronic granulomatous disease is a diverse group of hereditary diseases in which certain cells of the immune system have difficulty forming the reactive oxygen compounds used to kill certain ingested pathogens. This leads to the formation of granulomata in many organs. CGD affects about 1 in 200,000 people in the United States, with about 20 new cases diagnosed each year.
This condition was first discovered in 1950 in a series of 4 boys from Minnesota, and in 1957 was named "a fatal granulomatosus of childhood" in a publication describing their disease. The underlying cellular mechanism that causes chronic granulomatous disease was discovered in 1967, and research since that time has further elucidated the molecular mechanisms underlying the disease. Bernard Babior made key contributions in linking the defect of superoxide production of white blood cells, to the etiology of the disease. In 1986, the x-linked form of CGD was the first disease for which positional cloning was used to identify the underlying genetic mutation.

Combined immunodeficiencies

Combined immunodeficiencies are immunodeficiency disorders that involve multiple components of the immune system, including both humoral immunity and cell-mediated immunity.
This category includes conditions such as bare lymphocyte syndrome, as well as severe combined immunodeficiency.
ICD-9 divides immune deficiencies into three categories: humoral, cell-mediated, and combined. However, ICD-10 does not include a category for cell-mediated immune dysfunction, thus grouping T-cell mediated conditions with combined conditions.

Common variable immunodeficiency

Common variable immunodeficiency is the most commonly diagnosed primary immunodeficiency. It is characterized by hypogammaglobulinemia and recurrent infections.

Complement 2 deficiency

Complement deficiency

Cryofibrinogenemia

Cryoglobulinemia

Cryoglobulinemia is a medical condition in which the blood contains large amounts of cryoglobulins - proteins that become insoluble at reduced temperatures. This should be contrasted with cold agglutinins, which cause agglutination of red blood cells. Cryoglobulins typically precipitate at temperatures below normal body temperature and will dissolve again if the blood is heated. Cryoglobulinemia can be associated with various diseases such as multiple myeloma and hepatitis C infection. Cryoglobulins usually consist of IgM directed against the Fc region of IgG.

Immune system diseases and Immune deficiency disorders affect an increasingly larger portion of the population. Diseases affecting the immune system inhibit ...

Lists of celebrated short fiction by author and region and curated collections you should add to your home library.

The Art of the Short Story

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<p>The absolute best Ernest Hemingway short stories of all time, ranked by the votes of the community. This list has the most popular Ernest Hemingway short stories. One of the most famous authors in literature, Hemingway was born in 1899 in Oak Park, Illinois, and is known for his many iconic novels, and he even won the Novel Prize in Literature in 1954. However, he also published six short story collections. What are the <a class="edS-cl" href="https://www.ranker.com/list/best-short-story-writers-of-all-time/ranker-books?ref=internalCrossLinking_keyword">best short stories</a> written by Ernest Hemingway?</p>This list features the absolute best Ernest Hemingway short stories. The titles are listed based on the votes cast by the community and include &quot;The Short Happy Life of Francis Macomber,&quot; &quot;The Capital of the World,&quot; &quot;The Snows of Kilimanjaro,&quot; &quot;Old Man at the Bridge,&quot; and &quot;A Very Short Story.&quot; Cast your votes for the best short stories by Hemingway below and be sure to vote for your favorite <a href="http://www.ranker.com/list/best-ernest-hemingway-books/reference">Hemingway books</a> as well!